SMILAX ZEYLANICA ETHANOLIC EXTRACT IN COGNITIVE DYSFUNCTION AGAINST ALUMINIUM CHLORIDE INDUCED RAT MODEL OF ALZHEIMER’S DISEASE

Author(s): B. Sabari Senthil*, V.K. Kalaichelvan and S. Vigil Anbiah

Abstract: The objective of the present study is to investigate the effects of roots of ethanolic extract of Smilax zeylanica (EESZ) on neuroprotective effect in cognitive induced by aluminium chloride in rats. The ethanolic extract from the roots of Smilax zivania by hot continuous percolation method. The rats were divided into 5 groups and each group consists of 6 animals. Rats were treated with EESZ for 150 and 300 mg/ kg of body weight and piracetam, 0.5 mg/ kg of body weight for 14 successive days after inducing behavioural and cognitive dysfunction with aluminium chloride (100 mg/ kg of body weight) for 60 days. The changes in behavioral and neurotransmitters were measured in rats. Cognitive abilities were evaluated through latency on a passive avoidance test and Morris water maze test. AlCl3 induced rats showed decreased learning and memory activity and increased activity of acetylcholine esterase (AChE). The ethanolic extract from the roots of Smilax zeylanica at higher dose 300 mg/ kg of body weight significantly (P < 0.001) reversed the AlCl3 induced impairment of cognitive activity in rats was estimated by the passive avoidance test and when compared with the control group. Ethanolic extract from the roots of Smilax zeylanica higher dose reduced escape latency in the Morris water maze significantly (P < 0.001) when compared with the control group. Latency time was increased by EESZ, which is revealed from EPM test significantly (P < 0.001) when compared with the control group. EESZ reserved AChE activity in the rats brain significantly (P < 0.001) when compared with the control group. Findings of the present study revealed that ethanolic extract from the roots of Smilax zeylanica may exert anti-alzheimer’s disease effect through behavioural, cognitive and anti-AChE activities.

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