Gene Mutations Associated with Drug Resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Research Article)

Author(s): Paidigummal Uday Kumar*, Pittu Vishnu Priya and A Gupta

Abstract: Worldwide, tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a serious health issue. The spread of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains is increasing, making it more difficult to control the disease. New molecular biology tools and the deciphering of the M. tuberculosis genome have made it possible to identify functionally relevant changes in nucleic acid sequences now take into account these mutations. The conventional methods for identifying strains based on cultures are time-consuming, laborious, and performed by specialized technicians. The result of the test is not generated until two months after the samples are received. Patients with TB are not given the right treatment during this time, and resistant strains may spread to the rest of the population. This review provides the most important mutations in M. tuberculosis genes that are associated with drug resistance, how gene expression analysis was used to find new markers of drug resistance strains, and how new anti-tuberculosis drugs were developed to fight drug-resistant strains.

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