In Vitro Anti Diabetic Potential of Pithecellobium dulce Leaf Extract Via α-Amylase Inhibition Assay (Research Article)

Author(s): Lasya Sri Yenduri, Sirisha Kareti, Sneha Sirigidi, Vaheedha Begum Shaik, and Raju Kotte*

Abstract: Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by elevated blood glucose levels, necessitating effective therapeutic strategies for its management. The present study was designed to evaluate the in vitro antidiabetic potential of methanolic leaf extract of Pithecellobium dulce through α-amylase inhibition assay. The plant leaves were collected, shade-dried, powdered, and extracted using methanol by maceration. The extract was prepared in different concentrations (1–4 mg/mL) and tested for its inhibitory activity against salivary α-amylase using starch as a substrate. Acarbose was used as the standard drug for comparison. The results demonstrated that the extract exhibited a concentration-dependent increase in α-amylase inhibition. The percentage inhibition ranged from 27.05% at 1 mg/mL to 63.52% at 4 mg/mL. The IC₅₀ value of the extract was calculated to be 3.04 mg/mL, indicating moderate inhibitory activity. Although the extract showed lower potency compared to acarbose, it displayed a similar trend of enzyme inhibition. The observed activity may be attributed to the presence of bioactive phytoconstituents such as flavonoids and phenolic compounds. These findings suggest that Pithecellobium dulce possesses potential as a natural source of α-amylase inhibitors and may be useful in controlling postprandial hyperglycaemia. However, further studies are required to isolate active compounds and evaluate in vivo efficacy.

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