Acute Toxicity Impact of Herbicide Pretilachlor on Biochemical, Haematological and Ionic Changes in Gill, Liver and Kidney of a Cultivable Fish Labeo rohita (Hamilton).

Author(s): S. Thiripurasundari, S. Asokan and S. Thangapandiyan

Abstract: Pretilachlor (PTC) is a systemic herbicide belonging to chloroacetamide group which is being used in rice fields for the control of weeds. The objective of the present study was to investigate the acute toxic effects of pretilachlor on a cultivable fish Labeo rohita (L.rohita) in gill, liver and kidney for 7, 14 and 21 days with 3 different concentration (1 mg/L, 3.9 mg/L and 5.9 mg/L). The animals were divided into four groups; control, Treatment I, Treatment II and Treatment III. L.rohita were exposed to PTC at a concentration of 1 mg/L (Treatment I), 3.9 mg/L (Treatment II) and 5.9 mg/L (Treatment III) for a period of 7, 14 and 21 days in gill, liver and kidney revealed numerous alterations were observed in PTC treated groups when compared to control group. The blood plasma glucose and protein levels were significantly (P<0.05) decreased throughout the treatment period when compared with control. The ionoregulation such as Na+, K+, and Cl- in gill and liver of L.rohita were significantly (P<0.05) decreased with increased (P<0.05) level of Cl- ion in liver tissue during throughout the treatment period when compared with control. However, a significant (P<0.05) increase level of Na+, K+, and Cl- in kidney tissue of L.rohita were observed throughout the treatment period when compared with control. In conclusion, the present study emphasizes that PTC at 1 mg/L (Treatment I), 3.9 mg/L (Treatment II) and 5.9 mg/L (Treatment III) for a period of 7, 14 and 21 altered the biochemical, ionic and hematological parameters of fish and these biomarkers serve as an effective test system for environmental risk assessment of aquatic environment.

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