A Prospective Observational Study to Evaluate the Adverse Drug Reactions and Drug Interactions in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome

Author(s): Moushmi Arulmoorthy*, Dona Saju, Cristina Joy, Jithin Antony, Sengottuvelu Singaravel, Sheik Haja Sherief

Abstract: Background: Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) is one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in developing countries. The patients with ACS receive multidrug therapies which is likely to develop adverse reactions and potential drug interactions. Aim: The aim of our study is to evaluate the occurrence of adverse reactions and drug interactions in patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome. Materials and Methods: A prospective observational study for a period of 6 months was conducted in the cardiology and cardiothoracic departments of a tertiary care hospital. The sample size was determined by using Rao software and percentage of the data was calculated using Microsoft Excel 2007. Results: A total of 270 patients were enrolled in the study, out of which 54 patients developed adverse drug reactions and most of them belonged to the age group of 60 – 69 years. ADR caused by antiplatelets dominated and Ramipril, Atorvastatin, Frusemide were the most offending drugs. The highest rate of ADRs reported in the study was increase in serum creatinine level (14.8%), followed by hematuria (11.1%), dyspnoea (9.2%) and hyperkalaemia (7.4%). About 58.47% of prescriptions were found to have DAPT – Anticoagulants as the major DDI pair. Conclusion: This study highlighted the need of intense monitoring of patients prescribed with cardiovascular drugs as they are more susceptible to serious health hazards associated with adverse drug reactions and drug – drug interactions.

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