Antipyretic, Analgesic and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Vitex castofolia Leaf N-Butanol Fraction (Research Article)

Author(s): Kanakam Vijayabhaskar**, Shivani Ravula, Madupu Akhila, Takur Shivani Pingali Srinivasa Rao, Adimula Rajendraprasad, Kanjarla Narasimha

Abstract: The current study was thus aimed at evaluating antipyretic, analgesic, and anti-inflammatory activities of the leaf methanolic extract of N-Butanol fraction of Vitex Castofolia. Pyrexia, analgesia and inflammation are associated with several pathological conditions.To assess antipyretic activity in yeast induced hyperthermia. Analgesic profile was ascertained in acetic acid induced writhing, hot plate and tail immersion test. Nevertheless, the anti-inflammatory activity was tested in carrageenan induced paw edema and histamine induced inflammatory tests. Rats were used at test doses of 50, 100 and 200mg/kg body weight intra peritoneally (i.p).In yeast induced pyrexia, leaf buanol fraction of vitex castofolia demonstrated dose dependently (78.23%) protection at 200mg/kg, similar to standard drug, paracetamol (90%) at 100mg/kg i.p. showed a dose dependent analgesia in various pain models i. e. acetic acid, hot plate and tail immersion having 78.90%, 69.96% and 68.58% protection respectively at 200mg/kg. However, the analgesic action of fraction was completely antagonized by the injection of naloxone like opiate antagonists. Similarly carrageenan and histamine induces inflammation was significantly antagonized by fraction, 66.30% and 60.80% respectively at 200mg/kg.It is concluded that butanol fraction has marked antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities in various animal models and this strongly supports the ethnopharmacological uses of Vitex castofolia as antipyretic, analgesic and anti-inflammatory plant.

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