Cytotoxic Activity of Ziziphus mauritiana (L.), Solanum lycopersicum (L.), And Aerva lanata (L.) Juss Leaf Extract using Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay (Research Article)

Author(s): T Pushpanathan*, G Sumathi and M Abhirami

Abstract: Plants own huge diversity of bioactive compounds that have gained more attention in the field of Ethnopharmacology. Natural products present in plants, microbes, and animals have long been employed in traditional medicine due to their therapeutic values in preclinical and clinical trials. Besides the plant-derived natural products that have been utilized for new drug discovery. Nowadays, most of the drugs that have relied on in medical field are derived from natural products. Multidrug resistance (MDR) in cancer and bacteria has facing major barriers as they are getting resistant towards synthetic and natural drugs. To tackle and reverse the MDR, natural products can be valuable resources for the discovery of new bioactive compounds that have different mechanisms of action. The present study aims to determine the cytotoxic activity of methanolic and aqueous leaf extracts of Ziziphus mauritiana, Aerva lanata and Solanum lycopersicum against Artemia salina L. (Brine Shrimp Lethality Assay). The obtained results showed that Z. mauritiana had greatest cytotoxic activity that have LC50 value (285.27 μg/ml) is more than the methanolic extract of S. lycopersicum (580.32 μg/ml) and A. lanata (825.90 μg/ml) . Interestingly, both methanolic and aqueous extract showed excellent activity on A.salina except the aqueous extract of S. lycopersicum. Therefore, this study revealed the phytochemical compositions from the three plants are very beneficial for treatment of cancer and pathogens. Overall, Z.mauritiana exerted the strongest activity against A.salina as a potential drug.

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