Validation of an Assessment of Chromogenic Media Against Conventional Culture Techniques for Isolation, Identification, and Direct Antibiotic Susceptibility Testing of Uropathogens in Resource-Poor Settings (Research Article)

Author(s): Kalpesh Khutade*, Harshada Shah, Samiksha Patil, Hiren Patel

Abstract: The study was planned to evaluate chromogenic media against conventional techniques in terms of correct identification, ease of reporting, and reduction in cost. This cross-sectional prospective analytical study was carried out from January 1, 2022, to September 30, 2023, at Vedantaa Institute of Medical Sciences, Palghar. Urine samples were inoculated on MacConkey agar, blood agar, CLED agar, and chromogenic media simultaneously and incubated overnight. Imparting a distinct color to the isolated bacterial colony was visualized and identified by Hichrome UTI agar. Direct susceptibility testing by disc diffusion on clinical samples offers a rapid and inexpensive method of obtaining information to guide antimicrobial therapy. A total of 531 samples were culture-positive clinical isolates. Significant growth was obtained in 531 (100%) plates of HiCrome UTI, followed by CLED agar 521 (98.11%), Blood agar 511 (96.23%), and MacConkey agar 497 (93.59%). The sensitivity patterns of S. aureus to the following antibiotics: gentamicin, tetracycline, penicillin, and levofloxacin were 12 (85.71%), 11 (78.57%), 9 (64.28%), and 7 (7.00%), respectively. The sensitivity patterns of Pseudomonas spp. to the following antibiotics: piperacillin-tazobacta, amikacin, ceftazidime-avibactam, and gentamicin were 62 (87.32%), 43 (60.56%), 35 (49.29%), and 21 (29.57%). Enterococcus spp. was sensitive to Penicillin 79 (94.94%), Ampicillin 68 (80.95%), Vancomycin 57 (67.85%), and Tetracycline 46 (54.76%). Enterobacteriaceae showed high sensitivity to Meropenem (84.25%), Ceftazidime (67.68%), Piperacillin-Tazobactam (55.80%), and Ampicillin-Sulbactam (41.44%). Concluded that the Hichrome agar medium can be a desirable, simple primary isolation and identification medium that significantly lessens the daily workload associated with urine culture in microbiology laboratories.

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